Mathematics: Applications and Interpretation HL
Statistics, probability, and inference
Rank correlation, chi-square testing, confidence intervals, hypothesis tests, and Markov-style probability models.
Use Spearman rank correlation
Rank paired data, calculate rank differences, and interpret Spearman correlation in context.
Use chi-square tests for independence
Calculate expected counts, chi-square contributions, degrees of freedom, and contextual conclusions.
Construct confidence intervals
Calculate margins of error and interval endpoints for means or proportions in applied contexts.
Use hypothesis tests with normal and t models
Standardise a test statistic, compare with a decision rule, and interpret the conclusion in context.
Use Markov chains and steady states
Interpret transition probabilities, next-state distributions, and two-state steady-state behaviour.