Long division is the standard algorithm for dividing large numbers. It breaks down the division into smaller, manageable steps using the "divide, multiply, subtract, bring down" process.

Steps:

1. Divide: How many times does the divisor go into the current dividend?
2. Multiply: Multiply the quotient digit by the divisor
3. Subtract: Subtract the result from the current dividend
4. Bring down: Bring down the next digit of the original dividend
5. Repeat: Continue until all digits have been processed

Example: 984 ÷ 4

• 4 goes into 9 exactly 2 times (2 × 4 = 8), remainder 1
• Bring down 8 to make 18
• 4 goes into 18 exactly 4 times (4 × 4 = 16), remainder 2
• Bring down 4 to make 24
• 4 goes into 24 exactly 6 times (6 × 4 = 24), remainder 0
• Answer: 246 remainder 0

Checking your work: Multiply the quotient by the divisor and add the remainder. This should equal the original dividend.